Physical Therapy Exercise Program After Patellar Tendon Rupture

Rehabilitation Exercises for Patellar Tendon Rupture Recovery

A patellar tendon rupture is a painful injury that can significantly limit your ability to walk, run, or participate in daily activities and sports. Engaging in a structured physical therapy (PT) program is essential for restoring strength, mobility, and function after this injury. A tailored exercise regimen, guided by a physical therapist, can help you recover safely and efficiently, allowing you to return to your normal lifestyle with confidence.

Understanding the Patellar Tendon

The patellar tendon, technically a ligament, connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia). It serves as an extension of the quadriceps tendon, which originates from the large quadriceps muscle group at the front of your thigh. This tendon plays a critical role in knee extension, enabling movements like straightening the leg during walking or climbing stairs.

Causes of Patellar Tendon Rupture

Patellar tendon ruptures typically result from sudden trauma, such as a fall onto the knee or a high-impact jump. These incidents can overload the tendon, leading to either a partial or complete tear. Partial tears affect only a portion of the tendon, while complete tears involve a full disconnection, often requiring surgical intervention.

Types of Patellar Tendon Tears

• Partial Tear: Only part of the tendon is damaged, often treated with immobilization followed by physical therapy to restore range of motion (ROM) and strength.
• Complete Tear: The tendon is fully severed, typically necessitating surgery to reattach it, followed by a recovery period of 8–12 weeks, including immobilization and progressive rehabilitation.

Initial Treatment for Patellar Tendon Rupture

If you suspect a patellar tendon rupture, seek medical attention immediately. Common symptoms include:

• Severe pain at the front of the knee
• Swelling around the kneecap
• Difficulty walking or bearing weight
• Inability to fully extend the knee
• Redness or bruising near the kneecap

Your healthcare provider may order imaging tests, such as X-rays or an MRI, to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the injury. Initial treatment often follows the R.I.C.E. protocol:

• Rest: Avoid putting weight on the injured leg.
• Ice: Apply ice packs to reduce swelling and pain.
• Compression: Use a bandage to support the knee and minimize swelling.
• Elevation: Keep the leg elevated to promote circulation and reduce inflammation.

After a few weeks of healing, gentle movement can be introduced, progressing to more intensive exercises under the guidance of a physical therapist.

Starting Physical Therapy After a Patellar Tendon Rupture

Your first physical therapy session will involve a comprehensive evaluation to assess your injury and establish a personalized rehab plan. During this session, your therapist will:

• Discuss your injury, medical history, and pre-injury activity level
• Measure pain levels, ROM, strength, balance, and functional mobility
• Evaluate scar tissue mobility (if surgery was performed)
• Set realistic goals for your recovery

Your therapist may incorporate modalities like ultrasound, electrical stimulation, or kinesiology taping to support healing, but the focus will be on